Determinants of Hepatitis B Virus Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Visit at Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Central Ethiopia Region

Abstract

Elias Ezo, Meskerem Teketel, Lidiya Teshale, Wubishet Gezimu, Asnakech Zekiwos, Taye Mezgebu, Getachew Ossabo, Elias Nigusu, Bethlehem Birhanu, Sentayehu Admasu and Awoke Girma

Objective: To identify the determinants of the Hepatitis B virus among pregnant women attending antenatal care visits at Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Central Ethiopia Region, 2023.

Methods: A hospital-based unmatched case-control study design was conducted from July 3 to December 29/2023. The total sample size was 249 (166 controls and 83 cases). A systematic random sampling technique was used. Data were entered using Epi data 3.1 version and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Multicollinearity was checked by considering a variance inflation factor of greater than 10 and a tolerance of less than 0.05. The goodness of fit test was checked by using the Hosmer- Lemeshow goodness of fit test. Binary logistic regression analysis was done, and variables with a p-value of < 0.25 in the bivariable analysis were taken into the multivariable analysis. Statistical significance was declared at a p-value of < 0.05 with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Result: In this study, being rural residence [AOR 5.74, 95%CI: 1.94-16.95] having poor knowledge about Hepatitis B virus [AOR 0.15, 95%CI: 0.07-0.34], having a history of abortion [AOR 4.56, 95%CI: 1.66-12.53], having a history of female genital mutilation [AOR 5.29, 95%CI: 2.52-11.09], having history of sexually transmitted infection [AOR 4.62, 95%CI: 1.26- 16.97], and having history of contact with a jaundice person [AOR 6.43, 95%CI: 1.53-26.94] were significantly associated.

Conclusion: In this study, residence, knowledge about Hepatitis B virus, history of abortion, history of female genital mutilation, history of sexually transmitted infection, and history of contact with a jaundiced person were found to be significant determinants of Hepatitis B virus infection. Therefore, creating awareness about the Hepatitis B virus, practicing safe abortion, avoiding female genital mutilation, preventing sexually transmitted infections, and avoiding unnecessary contact with a jaundiced person may minimize the burden of Hepatitis B virus.

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