Using Sensors for Structural Assessment Through BIM in the Life Cycle of Buildings

Abstract

Jorge Pablo Aguilar Zavaleta

Using sensors for structural assessment through Building Information Modeling (BIM) represents a cutting-edge approach in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industries, enabling enhanced monitoring and management of building performance throughout their life cycle. By integrating realtime sensor data into BIM frameworks, stakeholders can obtain comprehensive insights into structural health, energy efficiency, and operational functionality. This integration not only supports the preservation of heritage structures but also improves the safety and efficiency of modern buildings, making it a notable development in contemporary construction practices.

The evolution of this integration began in the early 21st century, as advancements in sensor technologies and data analytics laid the groundwork for sophisticated structural health monitoring (SHM) systems. The fusion of BIM with SHM facilitates proactive maintenance strategies, helping to identify and mitigate potential structural issues before they escalate into significant problems. Various case studies, including projects like the Azzone Visconti Bridge in Italy and the Monserrate Palace in Portugal, illustrate the effectiveness of this approach in both new and historic structures, demonstrating improved safety outcomes and streamlined maintenance processes through realtime data acquisition and analysis.

Despite its numerous advantages, the integration of sensors with BIM also faces challenges, such as ensuring interoperability between different software systems and maintaining data accuracy. Ongoing research aims to address these hurdles while exploring the potential of emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things (IoT), and digital twin applications, to further enhance the capabilities of BIM in structural assessment. As the field continues to advance, this innovative methodology is expected to play a crucial role in shaping the future of building life cycle management, emphasizing sustainability and resilience in construction practices.

The notable shift towards incorporating sensor technologies into BIM frameworks has raised important discussions regarding data privacy, security, and the need for standardized practices across the AEC sector. These concerns underscore the importance of ongoing collaboration among industry professionals, researchers, and policymakers to ensure that the benefits of this integration can be fully realized while addressing the complexities it entails.

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