Uncontrolled Hypertension and Associated Factors among Adult Hypertensive Patients in Public Hospitals of Central Zone, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2018: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Assefa Iyasu Negash, Desta Siyoum, Tsega Hailemariam, Berihu Hailu Kidanu and Gebreamlak Gebremdhin. et al.

Background: Hypertension is a silent killer disease and it is an important worldwide public health challenge because of its high frequency and a risk factor for cerebrovascular, cardiovascular, and kidney disease. This study aimed to assess the magnitude of uncontrolled hypertension and associated factors among adult hypertensive patients in public hospitals of central zone, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2018. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was used. The study population was all sampled adult hypertensive patients who had to follow-up in public hospitals of central zone, Tigray, Ethiopia and the data collection period were from March 01 to April 30, 2018. About 421 study participants were selected using systematic random sampling. Interviewer administered structured questionnaire, chart review checklist, and measurements were used. The collected data was checked for its completeness manually and then entered and cleaned into epi-data version 3.1 and exported to statistical packages for social science version 22 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were done to identify factors of uncontrolled hypertension. Then those variables significant at p<0.25 with the outcome variable in bivariate analysis were selected for multivariable analysis and odds ratio with 95% confidence level was computed and p-value < 0.05 was described as a significant association in multivariable analysis. Results: Among 421 respondents about 177(42%) had uncontrolled hypertension. Co-morbidity [AOR=0.36, (0.205, 0.631)], five to ten years’ duration of medication taken [AOR=0.398, (0.218, 0.725)], side effect of medication [AOR=0.542, (0.339, 0.866)] and medication adherence [AOR=4.092, (2.419, 6.924)] were significantly associated with uncontrolled hypertension. Conclusions: Magnitude of uncontrolled hypertension was high. Co-morbidity, antihypertensive medication taken for long duration, side effect of antihypertensive medication, and non-adherence to antihypertensive medication are associated factors.

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