The Role of a Healthy Diet in Chronic Disease Prevention: Insights into Dietary Patterns, Antioxidants, and Nutritional Strategies

Abstract

Asma Mohammed ALIsmail, Houreya Mohammed ALIsmail, Dalia Mahmoud ALJayar, Khulud Abdullah Almutairi, Afrina Muhammad Noor and Alhanoof Bader Aldoseri

A healthy diet plays an essential role in preventing chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), diabetes, cancer, and obesity. Numerous studies emphasize the role of nutrient-dense foods—such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats—in reducing the risk of these diseases. This article reviews recent literature on the impact of diet on disease prevention, focusing on dietary patterns like the Mediterranean diet, antioxidant-rich fruits, and plant-based diets. The mechanisms through which diet contributes to reducing disease risk, including effects on oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic pathways is highlighted in this study. By examining studies on cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and obesity, the review underscores the importance of nutrition in disease prevention. Public health strategies and individual dietary recommendations are discussed, emphasizing the need for continued research to explore the long-term benefits of these dietary interventions.

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