The Effect of Diphtheria AntiToxin (DAT) to Decrease Degrees of Diphtheria Severity

Abstract

Cicilia Windiyaningsih, Anita PD Nugroho, Zainal Abidin, Farida Murtiani , Herlina and Vivi Lisdawati

Background: Diphtheria incidence and mortality in Indonesia continue to increase from 2014-2017. DAT is critical to reduce the severity of diphtheria. The study aimed to determine the effect of DAT on reducing severity in diphtheria patients.
Method: Analytical research with a case-control design. The research was conducted at RSPI Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso. The sample in this study was patients diagnosed with suspected diphtheria and diphtheria who received inpatient care at RSPI SS within a period of four years from 2014 to 2017. The cases in this study were 86 diphtheria-treated patients who were treated for 86 days, controls were 86 diphtheria-treated patients who were treated for <10 days. Data were collected from medical records.
Results: the variable associated with a decrease in severity of diphtheria sufferers was DAT (OR = 4,063; 95% CI: 1,354- 12,195, p = 0.012), corticosteroid administration (OR = 3,653, 95% CI 1.568-8,513, p = 0.003) and culture (OR = 0.170; 95% CI: 0.054-0,547), myocarditis is a confounding variable (OR = 1,690; 95% CI: 0.565- 5,052, p = 0.348). Conclusion: Provision of DAT has been shown to affect decreasing the severity of diphtheria.

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