Study Showing Co Relation between Microalbuminuria and Hypertension among Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Abstract

Praveen Kumar Gupta, Abhishek Arun, Prahlad Chawla and VB Jindal

Background: Microalbuminuria and hypertension are both critical markers of vascular damage in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Their interrelationship is not fully understood, necessitating further investigation into how microalbuminuria correlates with hypertension in T2DM patients.

Objective: To explore the correlation between microalbuminuria and hypertension among individuals with Type 2 diabetes and to assess the potential implications for clinical management.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at BR Diabetes Care Centre, Ghaziabad involving 200 adults with T2DM. Participants underwent clinical assessments, including blood pressure measurements, and provided spot urine samples for urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) analysis. Hypertension was classified based on the 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and logistic regression were used to evaluate the relationships between microalbuminuria and hypertension.

Results: The study population comprised 52.5% males and 47.5% females, with a mean age of 58.2 ± 7.3 years. Microalbuminuria was present in 40.0% of patients, while 65.0% had hypertension. A significant positive correlation was found between microalbuminuria and both systolic (r = 0.45, p < 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.38, p < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis indicated that patients with microalbuminuria had 2.2 times higher odds of having hypertension (OR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.5 - 3.2, p < 0.001), after adjusting for age, BMI, and smoking status.

Conclusion: Microalbuminuria is significantly associated with higher blood pressure levels and an increased likelihood of hypertension in T2DM patients. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating routine microalbuminuria screening and blood pressure management into diabetes care protocols to mitigate cardiovascular and renal complications. Future longitudinal studies are needed to further explore these associations and develop targeted interventions.

PDF