Speculum-Free Embryo Transfer: Can It Be A New Modality?

Abstract

Saurav Prakash Maity, Bishista Bagchi and Apurba Pailan

The present study aims to determine the effect of using Cusco’s speculum during frozen embryo transfer (FET) in patients undergoing Assisted Reproductive technique (ART) procedure. A total of 200 patients were randomly selected, all of whom underwent In-Vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) with their own gametes. The patients were divided into two groups: Group A, where Cusco’s speculum was used during FET, and Group B, where it was not used. Both groups underwent the same protocol for FET and the procedure was performed by the same clinician. Three parameters were evaluated: ease of the procedure, patient’s comfort level by assessing pain sensation, and pregnancy rates as determined by serum beta-hCG levels. The results showed that while the ease of the procedure was comparable in both groups, patients in Group B reported significantly less discomfort or pain. Additionally, Group B had a higher pregnancy rate (62.37%) compared to Group A (55%).

The use of Cusco’s speculum was found to provide better visualization and control during ET, but it also caused increased discomfort for patients and slightly attenuated ultrasound visualization. Conversely, not using the speculum reduced patient discomfort and enhanced ultrasound visibility but had a marginally higher risk of catheter dislodgement.

In conclusion, the decision to use Cusco’s speculum during ET should be individualized based on the patient's anatomy, comfort level and clinician experience, as both approaches have their respective advantages and disadvantages.

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