Relationships of Chronic Kidney Disease Risks and Three Glycemic Intensities of Type 2 Diabetes Using Viscoplastic Energy Model of Gh- Method: Math-Physical Medicine

Abstract

Gerald C Hsu

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) exhibits strong associations with diabetes. Diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes, is a well-established risk factor for CKD, as high blood glucose levels can damage the kidneys over time. According to the National Kidney Foundation, diabetes is the leading cause of CKD. Other studies also consistently demonstrate these connections. For instance, a meta-analysis published in the American Journal of Kidney Diseases found a significant association between diabetes and the development and progression of CKD. Similarly, other research papers underscore the heightened risk of CKD in individuals with diabetes. Diabetes is linked to chronic kidney disease (CKD) in over 40%.

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) defines three glucose categories:

1. Hyperglycemia TAR (time above range for glucose above 180 mg/ dL),

2. Hypoglycemic TBR (time below range for glucose below 70 mg/ dL),

3. Normal Glycemic TIR (time in range for glucose between 70 and 180 mg/dL).

This paper explores the author’s CKD risks associated with his T2D conditions, introducing three new biomarkers, glycemic intensities (GI), calculated as the averaged glucose value of a category multiplied by its occurrence frequency. These GI values for T2D patients aim to reveal the true impact of diabetes control on the probability of developing other mortality-related diseases, including CKD. This study specifically examines the author's CKD risks associated with three glucose inputs: TAR-GI value (TAR), TBR-GI value (TBR), and TIR-GI value (TIR), drawing insights from personal data collected between 8/1/2018 and 12/2/2023.

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