Musa Parasidiaca (unripe plantain) Enhanced Uptake of Glucose in Yeast Cells-In Vitro for the Control of Hyperglycemia

Abstract

Morris T. Aloysius, Andreou Eleni, Kyriacos Felekkis, Christos Petrou and Egwim C. Evans

Diet plays a vital role as a risk factor for chronic diseases like hyperglycemia; And type 2 diabetes with diet alone or diet and antidiabetic drugs (in combination with insulin in a very few cases where the pancreas produced no insulin due to age). The objectives of dietary management of diabetes are to: achieve optimal blood sugar and blood lipid concentrations; provide appropriate energy for reasonable weight, prevent, delay and treat diabetes-related complications and improve health through optimal nutrition. Musa parasidiaca (unripe plantain) enhanced uptake of glucose in yeast cells - in vitro for the control of hyperglycemia was studied. Plant materials were collected, identified, processed, and stored for further use. 80% methanol was employed for extraction and sonication to release antidiabetic-bioactive component in solution and was filtered, concentrated, freeze-dried, and fractionated using standard laboratory techniques. The extract fractions were employed to evaluated the ability of yeast cell line culture to take up glucose from the system through DPPH, FRAP, lipid peroxidation, antidiabetic effect assays. Extract fractions were found to poses antioxidant activity high enough to inhibit stress-related diseases. The extract fractions were active as drug candidates both at high and low concentrations and were better compared with the standard drug and standard antioxidant was comparable. Glucose uptake at an initial concentration of 5mM/L and 10mM/L by the crude extract was consistent to that of the known standard drug while at 25mM/L glucose concentration was equivalent with the crude extract. At 0.625 mg/mL the linear equations, and R2 demonstrations shows that the crude extract was higher in dose predictability than the standard drug as presented by the equation; y = 21.416x - 15.575, and R2 = 0.9747 (97%). The predictability of the food plant extracts-future effectiveness and usability is higher than the conventional drug. Encapsulation of the bioactive-fractions of food plants with nanogel and incorporating insulin releasing system which may lead to prospects for the design of type 2 diabetes drugs to support an extensive blood glucose regulation, which is extremely required by diabetics in order to decrease the problem of drug regimes.

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