Misconception about the Role of a Dose in Pharmacology: Short Review Report on the Biological and Clinical Effects

Abstract

Yilkal Tariku Belay

Screening of the pharmacological property of test chemical substances through experimental design is still a challenge in drug discovery and development. On the one hand, there is scientific misconception about the role of a dose in experimental toxicology. It is considered to be the fundamental concept of toxicology by which the poison of a chemical substance is made which is far from scientific reality due to the fact that the nature of a chemical substance could not be changed by simply quantification. This scientific misconception about the role of a dose in toxicology leads to the introduction of harmful pharmaceutical products to the pharmaceutical market as health care services which affect public health in different ways. On the other hand, the toxic property of a chemical substance is diverse, has a variety of adverse effects which make drug safety screening very difficult to analyse toxicity in a harmonized procedure.

In conclusion, the dose has no role to eliminate the toxicity of a chemical substance but it has the role to limit the magnitude of pharmacological effect which determines lifespan of an organism. Since the toxic property of a chemical substance is diverse, an integrated biological approach is preferable to analyse its toxicity in a harmonized manner to be able to limit the introduction of harmful pharmaceutical product to the pharmaceutical market.

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