Loading of Sn Nanoparticle-Decorated Silymarin on to Graphene Oxide for Effective Inhibition of Cancer Cell Viability

Abstract

Hossein Abbasinia, Hanieh Sadeghi and Naba Najar

The aim of this study was to synthesize a novel Nan composite (GO/SM/Sn Nan composite) consist of silymarin (SM) loaded (CH3)2SnCl2 based on grapheme oxide (GO) in order to enhance cytotoxicity of SM. GO/SM/Sn Nano composite was synthesized based on general methods. The GO/SM/Sn Nano composite was characterized by TEM, FE-SEM, FTIR, XRD and DLS techniques. Cells were treated at the range of concentrations of SM and GO/SM/Sn Nano composite and cell viability was examined through MTT assay. Apoptosis rate, intracellular ROS level and cell cycle arrest were determined using specific assays and flow cytometrytechnique. Apoptotic gene expression was also analyzed by the application of real-time PCR system. GO/SM/Sn Nano composite could effectively increase inhibitory effect of SM on cancer cell viability. We found that SW480 and MCF-7 cell treatment with GO/SM/Sn leads to increased intracellular ROS level and apoptosis. It was also revealed that GO/SM/Sn could change BAX and BCL2 gene expression profile to induce apoptosis. Moreover, GO/SM/Sn caused cell cycle arrest in MCF-7 cells, which was more significant than those observed in SW480 cells. Our conclusion is that silymarin immobilization can serve as an effective method to impede the adverse side effects of other conventional treatment strategies and as a novel composite enhance the efficiency of SM administration.

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