Factors Affecting the Early Post-Operative Outcome and Complications of Benign Prostatic Surgery at Algezira Hospital for Renal Diseases and Surgery

Abstract

Haytham Babikir Ahmed Araibi, Mustafa Omran and Abdulmahmoud Abdalla Ahmed

Background and Objectives: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) predominantly affects males aged 50-70 years. The aim of this study was to identify factors influencing early post-operative outcomes and complications following surgical interventions for BPH.

Methods: This hospital-based, observational, prospective cohort study was conducted at Al Gezira Hospital for Renal Diseases and Surgery between February and August 2022. A total of 120 patients diagnosed with BPH were included in the analysis. Validated scaled questionnaire was used to identify the preoperative parameter and variables, and post-operative outcome and complications. Data analysis was conducted using the Statistical package of social science (SPSS V21.1), and P value was considered significant at (0.05).

Results: The majority of patients were aged over 80 years (36.7%), with a severe International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) category (67.5%), and presented with obstructive symptoms (52.5%). Forty-one-point seven percent (41.7%) of the patients underwent surgery due to failure of medical management, and 78.3% underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Notably, 14.2% of patients failed to void immediately following catheter removal, 16.7% required blood transfusions, 5.8% experienced clot retention, and 25% developed urethral strictures. Advanced age (p = 0.053), higher IPSS scores, and the presence of irritative symptoms (p = 0.010) were associated with increased likelihood of post-catheterization voiding difficulties. Patients on medical therapy typically had shorter catheterization durations (p = 0.039) and a lower incidence of urethral stricture (p = 0.003). Those undergoing TVP had longer hospital stays, extended catheterization periods (p = 0.00), and a higher frequency of blood transfusions (p = 0.001).

Conclusions and Clinical Implications: The most common post-operative complication was urethral stricture. Preoperative factors such as age, prostate size, and prior medical treatment were significant predictors of post-operative outcomes. These findings suggest that tailored preoperative management based on individual risk factors could improve surgical outcomes.

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