Effects of Christmas Bush (Chromolaena Odorata), Cathedral Bells (Bryophyllum Pinnatum) and Water Leaf (Talinium Triangulare) Leaf Extracts on Biochemical Markers, and Ulcer Parameters of Ulcer-Induced Adult Male Wistar Rats

Abstract

Ngozi Mercy Nnam, Eucharia Chinyere Agbo and Peace Nwanneka Ani

Many medicinal plants are commonly used in traditional treatment of ulcer however, the dosages remain unclear. The study examined the effects of Chromolaena odorata, Bryophyllum pinnatum and Talinium triangulare leaf extracts on biochemical markers and ulcer parameters of ulcer-induced adult male wistar rats. Christmas bush and cathedral bells leaves were harvested from Nsukka town, while water leaf was bought from Ogige market at Nsukka, Enugu State. They leaves were processed into flour and marcerated in water for 48 hours to obtain extracts. Adult male Wistar rats (72) were acclimatized and randomly assigned to groups. Ulcer was induced with indomethacin solution before treatment commenced. Different doses of the extracts were administered orally for a period of 14 days. Biochemical analysis of serum prostaglandin (PG), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) levels were conducted. Thereafter, the rats were sacrificed and gastric volume, ulcer index and pH of the gastric juices determined using standard assay. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM-SPSS version 23, with significance set at p<0.05. The extracts reduced PG levels while increasing CAT and SOD levels. A significant difference (p<0.05) in PG levels was observed between baseline and end-line values in groups induced without treatment and all treated groups. Significant difference (p<0.05) existed between baseline and end-line values of catalase and SOD in all the treated groups. Significant (p<0.05) reduction occurred in ulcer index values between induced without treatment and other rat groups. The leaf extracts have the potential to ameliorate mucosal inflammation and gastric effect of indomethacin-induced ulcer.

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