Effectiveness of Benzydamine Hydrochloride + Cetylpyridinium Chloride (Difflam�) Lozenges in Alleviating Sore Throat among COVID-19 Patients: A Real-World Evidence Study in the Clinical Practice

Abstract

Jennifer M. Nailes, Ramon Jason M. Javier, Ma. Peñafrancia L. Adversario, Kristine Pearl M. Rubi, Roberto P. Salvino and Ferdinand Lentejas

Objective: Since the start of the pandemic, the SARS-CoV-2 which causes COVID-19 infection, has aggressively taken a toll on millions of lives worldwide. Recent studies have shown that newer variants consistently present with a greater frequency of sore throat. This study explored the real-world effectiveness of benzydamine hydrochloride + cetylpyridinium chloride (Difflam®) lozenge in alleviating sore throat of Filipino patients, under condition of routine medical practice.

Study Design: Observational, uncontrolled study design

Setting: Ambulatory / out-patient health facilities

Method: This study included patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 infection in a real-world setting confirmed either with rapid antigen test (RAT) or positive real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), who manifested with symptoms and signs of dysphagia / odynophagia. They were prescribed with Difflam® lozenge as an adjunct to standard care, in accordance with the respective local prescribing information and routine clinical practice.

Results: A decreasing trend was observed in the median visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores from baseline up to the seventh day. The difference from the baseline VAS score was significant in all observation period from day 1 to day 7 (p<0.001). The greatest difference was seen on day 4 and 5 (median VAS scores of 1 and 0, respectively). The mean duration of symptoms before total resolution of sore throat (VAS score = 0) was 4.4 SD ± 1.9 days with majority of participants (87 %) reporting resolution at the end of seven days observation. The mean length of time before negativity of COVID-19 RAT was 3.9 SD ± 1.6 days. Majority did not experience adverse events, and if so, were generally mild.

Conclusion: The benzydamine hydrochloride + cetylpyridinium chloride (Difflam®) lozenge reduced the duration of COVID-19 (RAT negative) and completely alleviated symptoms of dysphagia and odynophagia among patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 infection within four to five days of initiation of therapy.

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