Daily Glucoses Versus FPG, PPG And Glucose In Other Time Periods Using Both Time-Domain Waves And Frequency-Domain Waves Via Fourier Transform And Applying Viscoelastic Energy Model Of GH-Method: Math-Physical Medicine (No. 1019, Viscoelastic Medicine Theory #417)

Abstract

Gerald C. Hsu

Since May 1, 2018, the author has been employing a continuous glucose monitoring device (CGM) attached to his upper arm, enabling the collection of glucose values 96 times each day. Over a span of 2,080 days from 5/1/2018 to 1/10/2024, he has amassed a total of 199,680 glucose data points. Within each day, those 96 data points from the 24-hour time period are further categorized as follows: fasting glucose in the early morning (FPG) for 7 hours, postprandial plasma glucose (PPG) for 9 hours including three-hour ranges for each meal, and the combined between-meal and pre-bed glucoses for the remaining 8 hours of each day (Others).

At first, he utilized the conventional time-domain analysis to assess the influence of these three glucose category inputs on the resulting strain of daily estimated average glucose (eAG). Following this, a Fourier Transform operation was carried out to transform the three input glucose data sets into the frequency domain, enabling the examination of the power spectral density (PSD) for each glucose category. Lastly, the author employed the spatial-domain viscoplastic medicine theory (SD-VMT) energy model to conduct two distinct energy studies: one using the time-domain (TD) data and the other utilizing the frequency-domain data (FD).

In summary, the glucose energy analysis using the spatial-domain viscoplastic medicine theory (SD-VMT) indicates that there are notable differences between the results of energy ratios obtained from time-domain (TD) inputs and frequency-domain (FD) inputs.

In the TD diagram, the averaged glucose wave’s amplitudes are ranked below:

- PPG: 121 mg/dL

- Others: 118 mg/dL

- FPG: 101 mg/dL

Consequently, their TD energy ranking orders are:

- PPG: 35.20%

- Others: 35.15%

- FPG: 29.65%

However, in the FD diagram, the power spectral densities for PPG (38%) and FPG (36%) are considerably higher than for Others (26%). As a result, their FD energy ranking orders are:

- FPG: 38.6%

- PPG: 34.3%

- Others: 27.2%

Key Messages Based on the author’s personal data, the higher energy ratios in the frequency-domain analysis suggest a significant impact on his overall diabetes control from both the hypoglycemic effects of FPG (39%) and the ISSN: 2689-1204 J App Mat Sci & Engg Res, 2024 Volume 8 | Issue 1 | 2 hyperglycemic effects of PPG (34%).

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