Biology of Aquatic Insect of Order of Hymenoptera in the World A Systematic Review

Abstract

Ghazal Tashakori, Hassan Vatandoost, Ali Jalilain, Ramin Khaghani

The aquatic hymenoptera is a small, little-known group that adapts to the aquatic environment and interacts with water as part of its biological cycle. Aquatic hymenoptera are found in all geographical areas, except Antarctica. In total known species of aquatic Hymenoptera, 150 species from 11 families are recognized. Most of aquatic Hymenoptera species belong to the families of Chalcididae , Eulophidae, Mymaridae, Trichogrammatidae, Scelionidae and Pompilidae. In some family like Pteromalidae, Figitidae , Cynipoidea, Braconidae , Diapriidae , Proctotrupoidea limited number of aquatic genus was seen. Because of their short, dense pubescence on the body and wings and elongated, strongly curved claws they have been successful in life on the fresh water. Most of them are endoparasitoids of immature insects. Although little information is available about aquatic hymenopteran, these insects play an important role in human life. Therefore, knowledge of the biology, physiology and ecology of these insects can be of great help in advancing the field of biological control and its effects on human life.

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