Adherence to Topical Ocular Hypotensive Agents in Northwest Ethiopia 2021

Abstract

Banchamelak Zeraye Yekunoamelak, Endalew Mulugeta worku, Zinachew Muluat Bogale and Fisseha Admassu Ayele

Purpose: This study aimed to assess adherence to glaucoma medication and associated factors among glaucoma patients attending Gondar University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Tertiary Eye Care and Training Center, in northwest Ethiopia.

Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted. Participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique from June 1– to August 20, 2021. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data through interviews and chart reviews. Adherence was assessed using a 10-item self-report questionnaire.

The data were entered into Epi Info version 7 and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics were presented using tables and figures. Binary logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with adherence to glaucoma medication. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results: 298 study participants took part in this study. The proportion of good adherence was 163(54.7%) [95% CI: 51.0- 62.4]. Disease duration of 2-4 years [AOR=0.35(95% CI: 0.16, 0.75)], using more than one treatment [AOR=2.05(95% CI: 1.15- 3.64)], and missing appointment due to COVID-19 [AOR= 2.13(95% CI: 1.17, 3.88)] were positively associated with good adherence to topical glaucoma medication.

Conclusion: More than half of the study participants showed good adherence to anti-glaucoma medication. Disease duration of 2-4 years, using more than one medication, and missing appointment due to COVID-19 were significantly associated with good adherence to glaucoma medications.

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