Thyroid ailment can result from conditions that cause over-or below-feature of the thyroid gland. When the gland produces an excessive amount of thyroid hormone, the condition is known as hyperthyroidism. When the gland does not feature sufficiently, there is too little thyroid hormone produced (hypothyroidism).In addition to problems with the extent of hormones made with the aid of the gland, each benign and malignant tumor (cancers) can cause growth of the thyroid gland or nodules (lumps) within the gland. Enlargement of the thyroid gland inside the neck can cause signs and symptoms that are at once related to the growth in size of the organ (which includes difficulty swallowing and pain in front of the neck). The thyroid gland is placed below the Adam's apple wrapped around the trachea (windpipe), and is has a butterfly shape. A skinny place of tissue in the gland's middle, called the isthmus, joins the two thyroid lobes on every side.