Paleoanthropology emerged as a technology all through the past due 19th century. The discovery of prehistoric artifacts in Pleistocene deposits soon led to the excavation of fossilized human bones. The archaeologists and geologists who unearthed them were in general worried with determining whether the human fossils and the artifacts discovered with them surely dated from the Pleistocene, accordingly providing evidence for the geological antiquity of humans. Prehistoric archaeologists reconstructed the manner of lifestyles of prehistoric peoples through the artifacts observed, even as anthropologists tested the human fossils. They wanted in most cases to discover the races of prehistoric people. It was inside this context that French anthropologists began to apply the time period "paléo-anthropologie" to consult a brand new medical discipline devoted to the examine of prehistoric human races and human paleontology. This essay examines how paleoanthropology turned into defined as a technological know-how for the duration of the 1870s and Eighties. It suggests that a anxiety existed between the targets and strategies of archaeologists and anthropologists. Paul Topinard criticized archaeologists and argued that a new kind of scientist; the paleoanthropologist trained in anatomy or zoology, changed into had to observe human fossils properly.