Diseases of the Colon & Rectum is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering colorectal surgery. It was established in 1958 and is published by Lippincott Williams and Wilkins on behalf of the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons, of which it is the official journal

The lower part of large intestine where the body stores stool is called rectum. It is the last 6 to 8 inches of the large intestine. Problems with rectum are common such as: hemorrhoids, abscesses, incontinence and cancer. The rectum stores solid waste until it leaves the body through the anus. The impact factor of journal provides quantitative assessment tool for grading, evaluating, sorting and comparing journals of similar kind. It reflects the average number of citations to recent articles published in science and social science journals in a particular year or period, and is frequently used as a proxy for the relative importance of a journal within its field. It is first devised by Eugene Garfield, the founder of the Institute for Scientific Information. The impact factor of a journal is evaluated by dividing the number of current year citations to the source items published in that journal during the previous two years.