Periodontitis (per-e-o-don-TIE-tis), also called gum disease, is a serious gum infection that damages the soft tissue and, without treatment, can destroy the bone that supports your teeth. Periodontitis can cause teeth to loosen or lead to tooth loss.Periodontitis is common but largely preventable. It's usually the result of poor oral hygiene. Brushing at least twice a day, flossing daily and getting regular dental checkups can greatly improve your chances of successful treatment for periodontitis and can also reduce your chance of developing it.Healthy gums are firm and pale pink and fit snugly around teeth. Signs and symptoms of periodontitis can include.Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, is a set of inflammatory conditions affecting the tissues surrounding the teeth.In its early stage, called gingivitis, the gums become swollen, red, and may bleed.In its more serious form, called periodontitis, the gums can pull away from the tooth, bone can be lost, and the teeth may loosen or fall out.Bad breath may also occur.Periodontal disease is generally due to bacteria in the mouth infecting the tissue around the teeth.[3] Factors that increase the risk of disease include smoking, diabetes, HIV/AIDS, family history, and certain medications.Diagnosis is by inspecting the gum tissue around the teeth both visually and with a probe and X-rays looking for bone loss around the teeth.Treatment involves good oral hygiene and regular professional teeth cleaning. Recommended oral hygiene include daily brushing and flossing. In certain cases antibiotics or dental surgery may be recommended.Globally 538 million people were estimated to be affected in 2015. In the United States nearly half of those over the age of 30 are affected to some degree, and about 70% of those over 65 have the condition. Males are affected more often than females.In the early stages, periodontitis has very few symptoms, and in many individuals the disease has progressed significantly before they seek treatment.