Change in color of oral mucosa reflects the underlying health status, which is either local or systemic. This color change is due to pigmentation, which may be physiological or pathological. Pigmentation in pathological conditions range from localized anomalies of to potentially life-threatening conditions. Since the dental professionals encounter a number of pigmented lesions in the oral cavity, it is important to have a comprehensive knowledge about their etiology, clinical manifestations, and their management. In the following review various pigmentations of the oral cavity are discussed.