Nephrology is a specialty of drugs and pediatric medicine fixated at the kidneys, categorically mundane kidney feature and kidney disease, the protection of kidney health, and the treatment of kidney disease, from weight loss program and medication to renal supersession therapy (dialysis and kidney transplantation). Nephrology moreover studies systemic situations that affect the kidneys, which include diabetes and autoimmune disease; and systemic sicknesses that occur because of kidney disease, inclusive of renal osteodystrophy and hypertension. A medico who has undertaken supplemental training and grow to be certified in nephrology is known as a nephrologist.
Nephrology worries the analysis and remedy of kidney sicknesses, which include electrolyte perturbances and hypertension, and the care of these requiring renal supersession therapy, consisting of dialysis and renal transplant patients. The word 'dialysis' emanates from the mid 19th century: thru Latin from the Greek word 'dialusis'; from 'dialuein' (split, separate), from 'dia' (apart) and 'luein' (set free). In different words, dialysis supersedes the primary (excretory) function of the kidney, which disunites (and abstracts) extra pollutants and dihydrogen monoxide from the blood, setting them within the urine. Many sicknesses affecting the kidney are systemic disorders not confined to the organ itself, and may require special remedy. Examples consist of acquired situations inclusive of systemic vasculitides (e.G. ANCA vasculitis) and autoimmune diseases (e.G., lupus), in addition to congenital or genetic conditions such as polycystic kidney disease. Patients are mentioned nephrology experts after a urinalysis, for sundry reasons, along with acute kidney failure, continual kidney disease, hematuria, proteinuria, kidney stones, hypertension, and problems of acid/base or  electrolytes.
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