Mycobacterial infections are a group of multisystem infections caused by the members of the family Mycobacteriaceae. These organisms are characterized by their staining and are identified as acid fast bacilli. NTM include all mycobacteria except Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and Mycobacterium leprae. The Mantoux tuberculin skin test (TST) or the TB blood test can be used to test for M. tuberculosis infection. Additional tests are required to confirm TB disease. The Mantoux tuberculin skin test is performed by injecting a small amount of fluid called tuberculin into the skin in the lower part of the arm.