Leprosy is caused by Mycobacterium leprae and has been kenned since biblical times. It is still endemic in many regions of the world and a public health quandary in Brazil. The prevalence rate in 2011 reached 1.54 cases per 10,000 inhabitants in Brazil. The mechanism of transmission of leprosy consists of perpetuated close contact between susceptible and genetically predisposed individuals and untreated multibacillary patients. Transmission occurs through inhalation of bacilli present in upper airway secretion. The nasal mucosa is the main ingress or exit route of M. leprae. The deeper understanding of the structural and biological characteristics of M. leprae, the sequencing of its genome, along with the advances in understanding the mechanisms of host immune replication against the bacilli, dependent on genetic susceptibility, have contributed to the construal of the pathogenesis, variations in the clinical characteristics, and progression of the disease. This article aims to update dermatologist on epidemiological, clinical, and etiopathogenic leprosy aspects.. Indian Journal of Leprosy is one of the oldest peer reviewed journals of India, dedicated to publishing best research in the areas of leprosy and other mycobacterial diseases from all over the world. An eccentric presentations of leprosy may delay its prompt diagnosis and treatment; thus, incrementing morbidity and mortality. Albeit leprosy has been declared eliminated, it should not be forgotten and medicos should have it in mind to make it a differential diagnosis whenever germane. To increase the visibility and ease of use of open access scientific and scholarly journals top online publishing journals are indexed in different indexing and archiving services. Indexing provides easy access of the article online. The top online publishing journals publish articles which are cited as references by many authors in their work. Citations are important for a journal to get impact factor. Impact factor is a measure reflecting the average number of citations to recent articles published in the journal. The impact of the journal is influenced by impact factor, the journals with high impact factor are considered more important than those with lower ones. Indexing provides easy access of the article online. The international journals are among the best open access journals in the world, set out to publish the most comprehensive, relevant and reliable information based on the current research and development on a variety of subjects. This information can be published in our peer reviewed journal with impact factors and are calculated using citations not only from research articles but also review articles (which tend to receive more citations), editorials, letters, meeting abstracts, short communications, and case reports. The inclusion of these publications provides the opportunity for editors and publishers to manipulate the ratio used to calculate the impact factor and try to increase their number rapidly. Impact factor plays a major role for the particular journal.