An protein (Ab), additionally referred to as associate degree human gamma globulin (Ig), may be a giant, Y-shaped supermolecule created primarily by plasma cells that's utilized by the system to neutralize pathogens like unhealthful bacterium and viruses. The protein acknowledges a singular molecule of the infective agent, known as associate degree matter, via the fragment antigen-binding (Fab) variable region. every tip of the "Y" of associate degree protein contains a paratope (analogous to a lock) that's specific for one specific epitope (analogous to a key) on associate degree matter, permitting these 2 structures to bind along side exactness. mistreatment this binding mechanism, associate degree protein will tag a microorganism or associate degree infected cell for attack by different elements of the system, or will neutralize its target directly (for example, by inhibiting an area of a microorganism that's essential for its invasion and survival). counting on the matter, the binding could impede the process inflicting the illness or could activate macrophages to destroy the foreign substance. the power of associate degree protein to speak with the opposite elements of the system is mediate via its Fc region (located at the bottom of the "Y"), that contains a preserved glycosylation web site concerned in these interactions the assembly of antibodies is that the main operate of the body substance system.

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