The US HIV epidemic started out in 1981. Each year, a larger variety of people in the US and during the arena are residing with HIV. Given the growing wide variety of HIV-inflamed individuals, understanding of the basic pathogenesis of HIV disorder and the principles of antiretroviral remedy is important for all healthcare professionals. This article describes epidemiologic developments in HIV and reviews HIV transmission, testing, and treatment. It additionally discusses the hazard of HIV transmission to healthcare employees from occupational exposures and evaluations the ideas of postexposure prophylaxis used to reduce the chance of HIV transmission in appropriate circumstances. Nurses have been at the the front lines for the reason that early years of the HIV and AIDS epidemic, such as times while treatment options were limited or nonexistent, sufferers and caregivers needed sizable care and social supports, and the health care network became coming to terms with new demanding situations in infection control and precaution. In and round 1992, in response to the numerous facets of the crisis, ANA courageously adopted a chain of coverage positions and statements that addressed nurse fitness and protection while additionally insisting on justice in access to care for each person residing with HIV or AIDS (PLWHA). Since the first AIDS instances had been reported inside the early 1980s, the U.S. Has seen substantial changes within the epidemic, the countrywide reaction, and the fitness care system. To name simply two major trends especially relevant for policy in 2019 and beyond: Lifesaving antiretroviral remedies (ARTs) at the moment are available, and greater PLWHA have get entry to to coverage coverage because of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). In addition, treatments have been authorized and advocated to prevent HIV transmission pre- and postexposure (PrEP and PEP). The superior practice of HIV/AIDS is the provision of preventive, diagnostic, and healing interventions to individuals, families, and communities that lead to reducing the burden of HIV and AIDS. The superior HIV/AIDS nurse makes use of expert scientific reasoning, which incorporates medical-choice making, critical thinking, and a global draw close of the situation, coupled with nursing abilties obtained via a system of integrating formal and experiential expertise. Because of the epidemiologic impact of the sickness and social creation of the epidemic, the superior HIV/AIDS nurse should utilize structures thinking; demonstrate being concerned practices; and recognize, appreciate, and incorporate differences into the availability of care. Since the desires of persons living with HIV/AIDS are diverse, it is important for the advanced HIV/AIDS nurse to collaborate with others at the same time as serving as an advocate/moral agent. Advanced HIV/AIDS nursing practice is multi-faceted and happens in an array of settings inclusive of the home, primary care, acute care institutions, groups, schools, long-time period care facilities, hospices as well as correctional institutions.