Clinical pharmacology is the science of drugs in humans and their optimal clinical use in patients. It is underpinned by the basic science of pharmacology, with an added focus on the application of pharmacological principles and quantitative methods in the real human patient population. It is underpinned by the basic science of pharmacology, with added focus on the application of pharmacological principles and methods in the real world. In the laboratory setting, they study biomarkers, pharmacokinetics, drug metabolism, and genetics.