Global environmental benefits in biodiversity, climate change mitigation, international waters, land degradation and forests, and chemicals and waste. Global environmental benefit in the Climate Change Mitigation focal area is the sustainable mitigation of the concentration of anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere. Climate change, air quality, water quality and soil quality are each discussed on separate pages, while a brief overview of the remaining five topics and their impacts on health follows. Global conflict accounted for tens of millions of deaths in the first half of the twentieth century, millions of deaths in the second half of the twentieth century, and more than a half million battle deaths in the first fifteen years of the twenty-first century. Human history holds many examples of widespread disease and death resulting from disease-causing microorganisms-bacteria, parasites, fungi and viruses. Infectious disease was the leading cause of death in the world until the twentieth century and still is in low-income countries. Global environmental open access impact factor journal and further expanded its scope into new areas of research to become a multi-disciplinary journal publishing high quality and novel information within the broad field of 'Environmental Sciences'.