Gene Therapy covers both the research and clinical applications of novel therapeutic techniques based on a genetic component. Over the last few decades, significant advances in technologies ranging from identifying novel genetic targets that cause disease through to clinical studies, which show therapeutic benefit, have elevated this multidisciplinary field to the forefront of modern medicine. preliminary studies which reveal novel genetic targets or strategies that improve a disease phenotype (Note: studies showing the mechanistic role of genetic elements alone, will be considered if significant therapeutic benefit or novelty is shown)the development of novel techniques for gene therapy research and improvements on established tools preclinical animal model systems and validation studies gene-based vaccine development and applications genetically engineered cellular models that can advance the validation of novel therapeutic targets, and drug discovery especially those using high-throughput applications and 3D modelling