The lower esophageal sphincter regulates the flow of food between the esophagus and therefore the stomach. It is now clear that both the intrinsic smooth muscle of the distal esophagus and the skeletal muscle of the crural diaphragm constitute the sphincter mechanism at the lower end of the esophagus. Displacements of the anatomical versus physiological crural sphincter were determined from the initial position of the catheter at initiation of pull-through. Primary esophageal or gastric melanoma may be a very rare disease with early metastasis. Due to its atypical symptom and fewer efficiency of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the prognosis of esophageal or gastric melanoma remains very poor. Surgical resection remains the preferential treatment for esophageal or gastric melanoma. Globally, the incidence of esophago-gastric junction (EGJ) cancer is rapidly increasing. However, the proposed strategies for the treatment of those sorts of cancer are so diverse that there's no established consensus on the optimal treatment. Splenectomy and thoracotomy may critically affect prognoses in patients with (y)pT3 EGJ cancer classified as (y)pN0 and (y)pN1-3 respectively, and the prognostic differences may result from a distinct distribution of liver recurrences.