The mechanism by which endosseous implants become integrated in bone can be subdivided into three separate phenomena: osteoconduction, de novo bone formation, and bone remodelling (Davies 1998, 2003). The first and most important healing phase, osteoconduction, relies on the recruitment and migration of osteogenic cells to the implant surface, through the residue of the peri-implant blood clot. Among the most important aspects of osteoconduction is the effect generated at the implant surface, by the initiation of platelet activation, which results in directed osteogenic cell migration. The second healing phase, de novo bone formation, results in a mineralized interfacial matrix equivalent to that seen in the cement line in natural bone tissue. The third healing phase, bone remodelling, relies on slower processes whereby the stability of the implant increases for long-term functional load.

This is due to their capability of altering the wettability of biological fluids and other liquids as well as the cell behaviors on the implant surface. Further, these textures are also able to change the optical and tribological properties of the laser-textured materials. In this section, some interesting reports on these topics are briefly presented.