Bioprospecting is defined as a scientific and arranged look for useful products derived from bioresources including plants, microorganisms, animals, etc., which will be developed further for commercialization and overall benefits of the society. Bioprospecting is that the process of discovery and commercialization of latest products supported biological resources. These resources or compounds are often important for and useful in many fields, including pharmaceuticals, agriculture, bioremediation, and nanotechnology, among others. Biopiracy in India: The case of the aubergine. A lawsuit in India alleges that a US biotech firm genetically modified local seeds without permission.Bioprospecting of orthologous genes from a wide array of plant species offers a valuable alternative to protein engineering and directed evolution. While enzyme variants corresponding to any enzymatic step within a target pathway can be screened to enhance catalytic efficiency, pathway bottlenecks present the most promising opportunities for enzyme bioprospecting. BIA biosynthetic gene variants can be easily identified by querying genome and transcriptome databases of BIA-producing plants, including the 1000 Plants Project and the PhytoMetaSyn Project described briefly in Section 2. Due to the mounting availability of DNA sequence and transcriptome data available within the public domain, enzyme bioprospecting offers vast opportunities for enhancing overall BIA pathway efficiency by tapping into nature's metabolic diversity.