Cytomegalovirus is that the commonest congenital infection causing serious disease in infants. it's the leading infectious explanation for sensorineural deafness and neurodevelopmental disability in developed countries. Despite the clinical importance of congenital cytomegalovirus, surveys show there's limited awareness and knowledge within the medical and general community about congenital cytomegalovirus infection. this text reviews the clinical features, global epidemiology, transmission and risk factors for cytomegalovirus infections. It also highlights several major advances made in recent years within the diagnosis and prevention of cytomegalovirus infection during pregnancy. Although research is ongoing, no therapy is currently proven to stop or treat maternal, fetal or neonatal cytomegalovirus infection. Education of girls regarding hygiene measures can help prevent cytomegalovirus infection and are currently the simplest strategy to stop congenital cytomegalovirus disease.

Human CMV may be a virus that infects most of the human population at some stage in their lives. it's a member of the Herpesviridae family of viruses, which incorporates herpes simplex virus type 1 and sort 2, Varicella Zoster Virus, Epstein–Barr virus, Roseolovirus (HHV-6 and HHV-7), and Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus or HHV-8.1,2 Initial infection (also referred to as primary infection) consists of a period of active virus growth with virus shedding in saliva, breast milk, urine, genital secretions, and presence in blood (the viraemic phase), most of which are asymptomatic.3 CMV secretion from saliva, cervix, stool and urine are often constant or intermittent and last for weeks in adults but may continue for months or years in young children