Pathology is a major discipline of modern medicine that deals with the cause, origin, mechanism, and diagnosis of a disease. Basic research in pathology involves study of various cancers, infectious diseases, inflammation, immunology, and development of novel disease classifications and diagnostic techniques. Clinical research in the pathology mainly involves correlation of patient outcomes and treatment responses with the surgical pathologic diagnosis of human diseases. As a field of general enquiry, pathology addresses four major components of the diseases such as root cause of the disease, the mechanism how it develops, changes that takes place within the cells and the consequences as a result of the infection or disease.