Avionics refers to "Aviation Electronics". Avionics is a portmanteau of 2 words aviation and electronics. It includes electronic systems used on aircrafts, spacecrafts and artificial satellites including communications, navigation etc. The term aviation was first coined by Philip J Klass. It plays a heavy role in modernization initiatives. Modern aviation is a substantial portion of military aircraft spending. A journal is a periodical publication intended to further progress of science, usually by reporting new research. Most journals are highly specialized, although some of the oldest journals publish articles, reviews, editorials, short communications, letters, and scientific papers across a wide range of scientific fields. Journals contain articles that peer reviewed, in an attempt to ensure that articles meet the journal's standards of quality, and scientific validity. Each such journal article becomes part of the permanent scientific record.