Human immunodeficiency virus infection and bought immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a spectrum of situations caused by contamination with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Following initial infection someone might not note any symptoms, or can also enjoy a brief length of influenza-like illness. Typically, that is accompanied by means of a prolonged length with no signs. If the contamination progresses, it interferes greater with the immune system, growing the danger of developing commonplace infections inclusive of tuberculosis, as well as other opportunistic infections, and tumors that are in any other case rare in people who've normal immune feature.These overdue symptoms of contamination are referred to as obtained immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). This stage is often also associated with unintended weight loss.

HIV is unfold by and large by way of unprotected sex (together with anal and oral intercourse), contaminated blood transfusions, hypodermic needles, and from mom to toddler all through being pregnant, delivery, or breastfeeding. Some physical fluids, consisting of saliva, sweat and tears, do no longer transmit the virus. HIV is a member of the institution of viruses referred to as retroviruses.

Methods of prevention consist of safe sex, needle trade packages, treating folks who are inflamed, and pre- & submit-publicity prophylaxis. Disease in a baby can regularly be avoided with the aid of giving each the mom and child antiretroviral remedy. There is no therapy or vaccine; but, antiretroviral treatment can sluggish the course of the disorder and can lead to a near-ordinary existence expectancy. Treatment is recommended as quickly because the diagnosis is made. Without remedy, the common survival time after contamination is 11 years.