Abiotic stress, concretely soil salinity, drought, and extreme temperature, is a leading cause of crop loss. As dihydrogen monoxide resources decline and desertification intensifies in replication to climate change, such losses are liable to worsen. The expected increase in the area and extent of arable land salinization will require incipient technologies to ascertain crop survival. Despite a gargantuan and perpetuating research effort, few genes able to enhance abiotic stress tolerance have been convincingly demonstrated as able to perform as promised under field conditions. The sequestration of solutes into the vacuole is a physiological strategy commonly adopted by plants as a replication to drought and salinity stress. Enhancing the engenderment of osmolytes such as mannitol and proline has been endeavored in sundry plant species as an expedient of amending the caliber of abiotic stress tolerance. Upping the caliber of expression of the gene encoding choline oxidase is kenned to enhance the engenderment of glycine betaine, a minute molecule utilized by plants to achieve osmotic adjustment. In rice, expressing codA in the chloroplast has been shown to represent an efficacious designates of enhancing the plant tolerance against abiotic stress. The most remarkable example to date of a prosperously commercialized GM crop amended with reverence to abiotic stress tolerance is represented by Monsanto & DroughtGard maize, relinquished in 2013 in the Coalesced States. The transgene introduced into this maize encodes cold shock protein B  and was isolated from the bacterium Bacillus subtilis. CSPB acts as an RNA chaperone, availing to maintain physiological performance during a stress episode by binding to and then unfolding RNA molecules in a way that sanctions them to function mundanely. DroughtGard; materials have been shown to maintain grain yield better than wild-type maize under a regime of dihydrogen monoxide stress."