Advances in Machine Learning & Artificial Intelligence(AMLAI)
ISSN: 2769-545X | DOI: 10.33140/AMLAI
Research Article - (2021) Volume 2, Issue 1
New Newtonian Mechanics, New Laws of Motion
Received Date: Mar 12, 2021 / Accepted Date: Mar 18, 2020 / Published Date: Mar 25, 2021
Abstract
Newton’s third law has been proved to be wrong, there are experimental evidence of the video, there are rigorous proof of a strong paper. Further obtained based on this, that is, Newton’s second law to prove is wrong. Therefore, the Newton law of correcting wrong, there are new second law of motion and new third law of motion, to be produces. So including Newton’s first law the New three laws of motion, will become more accurate, more efficient mechanical principles, guiding the new mechanical system is derived and the establishment. No one would doubt that Newton’s second law and Newton’s third law would be wrong. But a surprising discovery was produced in a simple mechanic’s experiment. The earliest experiments showed that two objects interact, acting force and reaction force, Is not the same size. Therefore, Newton’s third law seems to be wrong. Using conventional methods, considering objects with different masses, the inertia is also different. It can also provide a reasonable explanation for the unequal force and reaction force. But when It was further discovered that when Newton’s second law was also wrong, the introduction of the new second law made the establishment of the new third law also perfect. A series of extremely important new discoveries were successively produced and realized.
Keywords
Force; Inverse derivative; Inverse differential; Static force; Move force
PACS: 45.20.Dd, 45.40.àf, 45.50.àj, 45.50.Dd
Introduction
This article will be by Irrefutable the theory argumentation, to is proof new Newtonian mechanics, and new second law of motion and new third law of motion. New Newtonian mechanics and the law of motion, will be new guidance to the physics of foundation and the mechanics. The mechanics and physics of foundation, will present a brand-new feature. Several foundation physics and the dynamics the experiment, gave to the proof of the new theory support. Several in advance treatise concerning Newton third laws, is this investigative beginning [1-4].
First Laws of Motion
The first laws of motion are a law of inertia [5,6]. It keeps constant, namely: Any object all keep the state in the quiescence or uniform linearity motion, until other the object by an acting force forces it to change this kind of state.
New Secondly the Laws of Motion
The secondly law of the classical mechanics is wrong, because according to: “The object acquisition the size of the acceleration and the size of the composition external force is direct proportion, with the object the mass is inverse proportion” [5, 6]. The secondly law the mathematics expression is [5, 6]:
F ma (2.0.1)
Is all to mean, representative the object displacement the l, is to change with the inverse proportion. This be classicality mechanics the second law so to the wrong. The force be token make the object occurrence motion changes that capability, but changes to this kind of motion in the meter age, must have the nominal measurement unit. Because the character of the derivative, this time its the unit obviously is the time t. But the another element (the displacement) the l that meter age, then is alterable. Displacement the l and time the t, the changes toward object motion, obviously the displacement l is direct correlative with the size of the force F. And it is possibility big also possibility small, then how to make sure to displacement l be big or small, in the different condition to measurement the force F is equitable?
In fact, the measurement and calculation of force impossible be correct at this time. Therefore, the second law of the classical mechanics is wrong.
The New the Second Laws of Motion the Partial Derivative Formula
New second laws of motion by token, the object by external force action, its acceleration that acquisition, with the size of the external force be closely related. But this time the key is, in measure and computation, the object concerning changes of motion, with the displacement the l is the mark unit. So use the Partial derivative at this time [7,8]. Hypothesis:
This be called “Inverse derivative” or “Contrary derivative”. Is at the variable of the numerator approach zero of the limit of the fraction.
New Computing Method
Therefore, new computing method produce came out. Namely the inverse function:
The Inverse derivative and derivative has the essential difference, the differential quotient of the derivative is direct ratio the relation with the dependent variable the y, but the Inverse differential quotient of the Inverse derivative is inverse ratio the relation with the dependent variable the x.
The Inverse derivative also has second-order and nth-order …, the second-order Inverse derivative is will dependent variable the x0 to the square:
Because the derivative the differential quotient and the Inverse derivative the Inverse differential quotient, is each with denominator and numerator for independent variable. Therefore, in Inverse derivative calculate velocity and acceleration, with in the derivative also is different.
According to the principle of the derivative, the derivative of the random constant c is equal to zero [8,10,11].
(c)ï¼?= 0 (2.2.4)
Therefore, random the constant calculate in the derivative, all can free in and out derivative but do not affect its value and computation [6,8,11]. For example
(cu)ï¼? = cu (2.2.5)
This a circumstance in Inverse derivative, also should be the same. Is namely
(cu)ï¼? = cu (2.2.6)
Therefore, this in the computation between derivative or Inverse derivative, will is simplify greatly. In below concerning new laws of motion the deduce course, while involving the multiple between the variable y or x, the value of its multiple can is see as constant, therefore that can adopt the above method to calculate in simplify. So the velocity for Inverse derivative the indication is:
The Inverse derivative computation velocity and acceleration, that different simply its numerator is takes to fix the value. Namely the distance that move is takes to fix the value, but undergo the time of then may differ. For its velocity and the acceleration that the actual concept, then basic be same.
In addition, because Inverse derivative the dependent variable x is inverse ratio with the Inverse differential coefficient, but secondorder Inverse derivative the dependent variable x is inverse ratio to the square with the Inverse differential coefficient, namely the dependent variable x if change a multiple of β, the second-order Inverse differential coefficient also inverse ratio the change a multiple of β2 . This circumstance caused namely the creation of the new second laws of motion. There is essence differ with the classical mechanics second laws of motion.
Like this Inverse derivative and Inverse differential, the principle, to physics and engineering the computation, will be of great benefit necessarily.
Definition to New Secondly Laws of Motion
So now can to new secondly laws of motion, make a summarize. The new secondly laws of motion the expression is:
Its the acceleration centripetal change a multiple of β2 , but its force F change a multiple of β. This point perforce is may to pass the pressure sensor be meterage of precision. Measuring result force F actually is to change a multiple of β or a multiple of β2 , then the decision is new the secondly law exactness, or classical mechanics the secondly law exactness.
Therefore, new second law of motion to confirm, force is object the mass and acceleration to the product. But in it the mass m and the force F is direct proportion, then the acceleration a with the force F is the direct proportion square. Because this reason, the force of the same pressure strength, when the object the mass m differs, its acceleration a also differs. So its the mass m with the acceleration a the product the value also differs. The force of namely a calibration pressure strength, it there will be having many differs, be the mass m with the acceleration a the product the value the combination. But because in force F, the mass m together with acceleration a proportions be differing, so when calculation, the both changes the multiple, is cannot simplexes and directly to the conversion. In equation both the value, general also should alone show, but cannot to be confused.
In addition, the Inverse derivative of the new the second laws of motion of calculates, calculating with the derivative of the second laws of motion of the classical mechanics, also having got difference evidently on the concept. For example, the derivative of the second laws of motion of the classical mechanics be to try get instantaneous acting force, but the Inverse derivative of new second laws of motion then be to try get force as long as minimum displacement that intensity. Both of the rational concept is entirely different [5, 6].
The Character of the Unit Acting Force
According to the new secondly laws of motion, make sure the force of the strength, act the same distance, versus differ the mass the object, produce the equivalence impulse, namely the coequality the size the momentum. For example:
In formula as the mass m change a multiple of β, Inverse differential qt also geometric proportion change a multiple of β. The impulse of the force is an equal to, will the Inverse differential qt the secondorder reduction be to the one-order. For this reason, equation finally of result, is versus the mass m and the inverse differential qt did not take place change same. Explain the same force, act the same distance, to the object that differ the mass, engender the same impulse (Have video experiment can testify [2]).
This is an interesting situation. For example, a force acting between two object of different masses, the distance at which the force acting on two object is different. So the impulse acting on the two objects is also different, so the two objects formation different momentum, so this situation leads directly to the momentum is not conservation.
A lot of physical quantity in the macroscopic the things, all in adapt to typical Inverse derivative computation. For example, make the helical spring release the force of certain length; the force of gunpowder deflagration in the catheter; prescribed distance races in sports competitions ……
Therefore, Inverse derivative computation and the new second the laws of motion, versus force and the motion of the object, has universal and broad meaning, and it has an important and very strange impact.
New Third the Laws of Motion
The laws of motion of third, is show the object an interactional the laws [5, 6].
Hypothesis have two objects to Interacting, an object the mass is m, another an object the mass is m/β , so action in the force of the object of first is:
In the inverse derivative, the concept of acceleration is the same as the traditional acceleration in classical mechanics, so it is also suitable for the motion equation of uniformly accelerated linear motion, so the actual displacement of the object, should is one half of the displacement in the formula, which is ql / 2.
But action on secondly the object the force is:
Two kind circumstance the forces the pressure, the facto is same. But along with two objects the mass be differ, opposite in two the Inverse differential qt of the time of objects also differed. The Inverse differential qt and object mass m be with geometric proportion change. But, at two objects interactional, without a doubt the force to two objects action that the time, should be same. So at this time:
It can be seen after the third equal sign, the object true the mass is m/β, action the force the displacement is β2 ql/2, but the true action time is qt, and the formula (3.0.1) the force F1 be same, but the acceleration is β2 a.
At this time obviously, the force F1 and the force F2 pressure (Static-force pressure) although is same, but the move distance of the force F2 is a multiple of β2 that the force F1 move distance.
In the above case, express the ql and the qt of the Inverse derivative, at that response the object the force same but the mass differs the circumstance, have the change. But the qt differ of that differ the mass the object, under the time same the circumstance of the object interaction, make the fact in small object in qt is to owned more ql. While if define the ql of the unit, represent the size of the unit and the dynamic action force of the strength. So at two objects act mutually, the fact owns the object of more ql, is tantamount to suffer the action of the larger force certainly.
Must advertent is in above process, the pressure of the force of the formula (3.0.1) and (3.0.2), in reality is same. This is a kind the pressure of the Static-force, use the pressure sensor can proceed the measurement. The acting force and the reaction force are size equal and direction opposite, this level in statics should still be right. And mutual action to at two objects, two the object the pressure of the forces is also a same.
According to above of analysis, can to propose the expression in new the third laws of motion
The formula shows that the force and reaction force, if by the Newton’s second law to represent, its size that is different. But in the new second and third laws, the action and reaction the force the static pressure is still the same, while the dynamic action force is different.
Indicating that the two objects interact, the two objects receive the dynamic force, in most cases are different. Above the principle, can also pass the another route to testify [3]. The earliest proof is at still adopt the Newton second law, and did not adopt the circumstance of the Inverse derivative been to achieve. The result that educe is complete almost with this same. (Attention: if β equal to 1 it be with Newton law same).
Therefore, while two objects act mutually, action in two objects the static pressure of the force are same. But when two the mass of object differs, action in two the dynamic action force of objects, is different however.
So, object to object mutual action the dynamic action force is:
Explain an object with a small mass β times, suffer the dynamic action force of the large β times. And the dynamic action force of the large β times, will still cause the impulse of the large β times.
This is the new the laws of motion of third. Namely two objects act mutually, the small object in mass is acted by large dynamic action force, the large object in mass is acted by small dynamic action force. That is, the magnitude of the dynamic acting force on the two objects with this two the size of the mass of objects inverse proportion.
The new the laws of motion of third also the enunciation, the object the mass differ action mutually, two the impulse the object engender differ. Therefore, after action, two the sum of the momentum of the objects is not zero. Shall take place the momentum changes namely. Therefore, in the laws of motion of the classical mechanics the law of conservation of momentum, also is wrong obviously [12].
According to the new the laws of motion of third, the momentum is not conservation [12]. Under the great majority circumstance, between the object action the acting force is not equal. This a phenomenon, will be widespread consist in, every of matter motion of the physical world in it.
For example, celestial body in the universe, the mutual attraction force is different. The planet is big to the attraction force of the satellite, but the satellite inverted to the planet the attraction force is small. This a principle to computation have the plenty orb complex the action the universe galaxy, may have distinct and important influence.
New laws of motion, new mechanics and cognize of the physics. Inevitable to the progress of human sciences, bring the bigness effect.
The integral algorithm of the Inverse derivative
Integral computation (call inverse integral) toward Inverse derivative, will just the integration formula that the differential symbol, change to the Inverse differential symbol is then. The principle of its computation, or with the integral of the common derivative, did not difference. Then the work done by computing force:
This is the same as the calculation of work in classical mechanics. The classical mechanics the equation of rectilinear motion, is also same that for use of in Inverse derivative computation.
In front mentioned, determine the force of the strength, act the same distance, to the object that differ the mass, produce the equivalence impulse. This a circumstance makes person interrogative, whether to represent the energy of the kinetic energy of the object, namely is the momentum of the object fact. Because with same dynamic action force, act in the object that mass differ, engender the same momentum. For example, use same helical spring, push the object of differ the mass, the momentum of an object for producing is same [1,2]. Therefore, the same elasticity potential energy release, producing the momentum of the object the same, doesn’t this mean that momentum seems to be kinetic energy?
The actual isn’t, for example the mass of the object if change a multiple of m /β, so:
The force action time that is at this time, then preceding a kind of circumstance the force the time of action, also minish a multiple of 1/ β. Its the time of action is short, mean the motility of the object stronger, therefore express the energy of the motion higher of the object. Namely exhibition the product bigger of the object mass with velocity square. Therefore, although the Static-force pressure of two kinds of circumstances is same, in reality these two kinds of circumstances however is not same.
But this time, bring the another question again. Namely above the spring the release the equivalence elasticity potential energy, but however engendered the object different the kinetic energy of motion? This does anti disobey with law of conservation of energy mutually [13]?. New physics phenomenon, versus between differ attribute matter energy, whether can keep to conservation of energy, bring forward the query.
Thereby computation of the inverse integral, for the force does the work and kinetic energy, is with classical mechanics to same. The force for does the work, equal the product to the force and its action distance. The kinetic energy of the object, that is also onehalf of the product of the mass of the object and the square of its velocity.
However, the formula (4.0.1) and (4.0.2) is also the enunciation, when the pressure of the force same, but among them of the mass of the object differ, act the same distance, its kinetic energy is different. This is different from classical mechanics again, in classical mechanics the force of the same size, act the same distance, its kinetic energy is same.
Concerning the computation of the impulse of the object:
Explain the force of the certain strength, act the same distance, to the object that differ the mass, produce the equivalence impulse. But at this time of circumstance, different from the circumstance of the classical mechanics. In classical mechanics, the force of the same size, act in the different object, act the same time, its impulse is same. But in above equation (4.0.3) and (4.0.4), the force of the same size, act in the different object, it’s the impulse of action although same, but the time of action is different.
So the inverse integral compute the force the impulse, it is also the product of force and force act time.
Summing-up
The new secondly and third laws of motion denunciative, the force be that the object mass and acceleration the simple product not only. In reality with mass and the product of the acceleration, affirm that the size of the force is uncertain. The size of the force is may meterage, moreover its size with the mass and acceleration, have got the affirmative relation. But the size of the force, with the object the mass and acceleration, had got different the ratio. Therefore, cannot to conversion in simple and directly the both.
Newton’s the laws of motion, for progress of the human science, exertion the enormous action. But the science wants develop, must renew the knowledge endlessly, and corrective mistake. This text the new secondly and third the laws of motion, be put forward the new perception with the principle of the physics and mechanics to motion of the matter, is to the develop of the Newtonian mechanics. Therefore, to say is new Newtonian mechanics.
Acknowledgement
Thanks to my teachers for me strong support for my scientific activities:
Professor Shixu Guan, Chief editor Xinmin Zhu, Principal Lanxu Xu.
Thanks to the university that once helped my: Department head Shuquan Wang, Department head Xinde Jiang,
Associate Professor Risheng Piao. And many teachers.
Thanks to the many scientific and technical workers, experts and scholars for me many of help.
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