International Journal of Petrochemistry & Natural Gas(IJPNG)
ISSN: 2832-1065 | DOI: 10.33140
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Petroleum Distillation and Refining
A crude oil refinery is a group of industrial facilities that turns crude oil and other inputs into finished petroleum products. A refinery's capacity refers to the maximum amount of crude oil designed to flow into the distillation unit of a refinery, also known as the crude unit. The diagram above presents a stylized version of the distillation process. Crude oil is made up of a mixture of hydrocarbons, and the distillation process aims to separate this crude oil into broad categories of its component hydrocarbons, or "fractions." Crude oil is first heated and then put into a distillation column, also known as a still, where different products boil off and are recovered at different temperatures. Lighter products, such as butane and other liquid petroleum gases (LPG), gasoline blending components, and naphtha, are recovered at the lowest temperatures. Mid-range products include jet fuel, kerosene, and distillates (such as home heating oil and diesel fuel). The heaviest products such as residual fuel oil are recovered at temperatures sometimes over 1,000 degrees Fahrenheit. The simplest refineries stop at this point. Although not shown in the simplified diagram above, most refineries in the United States reprocess the heavier fractions into lighter products to maximize the output of the most desirable products using more sophisticated refining equipment such as catalytic crackers, reformers, and cokers.Journal key Highlights
Advanced Drilling Technologies
Advanced gas Engineering
Advanced Oil and Gas Technologies
Advances in Petroleum Engineering
Bioenergy and Biofuels
Biofuels & Biodiesels
Biopolymer Chemistry and Research
butane
carbon dioxide
Catalysis and Pyrolysis
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
Computational Modelling Techniques
Computer Applications in Petroleum Engineering
Drilling and Well Operation
Enhanced Oil Recovery
Environmental Impacts in Petroleum Engineering
ethane
Field Development & Production Operations
fossil energy pentanes
Fuels and Refining
Geology and Exploration
Geophysical Exploration
Global Oil and Gas
Hydraulic Fracturing
hydrogen sulphide
Methane
Oil and Gas Industries
Oil Formation
Oil, Gas Markets & Strategies
Onshore and Offshore Support
Petro Chemistry
Petrochemistry
Petroleum and Petrochemicals
Petroleum Distillation and Refining
Petroleum Geology
Petroleum Substitutes
Petrophysics & Petrochemistry
Processing units utilized in refineries
propane
Reservoir Engineering
Upstream, Downstream and Midstream Integration